FAMILY INVOLVEMENT MAKES A DIFFERENCE EVIDENCE THAT FAMILY INVOLVEMENT PROMOTES SCHOOL SUCCESS FOR EVERY CHILD OF EVERY AgE Family involvement in middle and HigH scHool students’ education

Adolescence is a time of rapid change. In adolescence (ages – 7), youth experience puberty, develop abstract thinking abilities, and transition into and out of middle school and then high school. Although most youth go through this period without excessive stress, adolescents are at a greater risk of school drop out, arrest, drug use, and some psychological disorders than other age groups. To be successful in school and in life, adolescents need trusting and caring relationships. They also need opportunities to form their own identities, engage in autonomous self-expression, and take part in challenging experiences that will develop their competence and self-esteem.2 Adolescents desire autonomy, independence, and time with peers, but at the same time, they continue to rely on guidance from parents and other adults.3